The Problem Of Global Warming - 1311 Words

Introduction: The only place in our galaxy that we know is inhabitable is now being destroyed by man. As humanity has revolutionized we have created many problems along the way. The main problem we are facing right now is called global warming. We have damaged many ecosystems trying to better ourselves, and we have not yet once thought about the damage we are inflicting on our mother earth. We are already beginning to see the effects of global warming. It will make little changes that will have a huge impact, and devastate many ecosystems and everything living on earth. Thesis: If we do not change our ways now, imagine what the future will have in store for the next generations to come. We will all have to pay the price for the acts†¦show more content†¦In the website called Global Climate Change it stated that â€Å"On earth, human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil had increased the concentra tion of the atmospheric carbon dioxide† (Nasa). We don’t have to be scientist to know that global warming is happening. If we look around we can see all the damages that we are creating; but it seems like we are just covering our eyes and hoping it will go away. Point 3: Now that we are all aware global warming is happening. The effects that it is having on earth are now very noticeable. The temperatures have risen through the years, and many wonder why. In the Article Global Climate change it states that â€Å"The industrial activities that our modern civilization depends upon have raised atmospheric carbon dioxide levels from 280 parts per million to 379 parts per million in the last 150 years† (Jackson). My teacher from high school Mrs. Wagner explain to us that all the carbon, and other natural gases we release into the atmosphere will not escape into space. Therefore it will create a thick blanket covering the atmosphere and heating up the planet. That is wh y the temperature has been going up throughout the years. Rising temperatures are not the only thing happening right now. We are also seeing droughts in many areas where there use to be a lot of fresh water that would flow by. In other places we are seeing flooding

General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course

Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. The memo also gives an in-depth analysis of the discipline and highlights it several importance alongside its relationship with other related fields of study. This memo is a suitable source of information to persons seeking greater understanding of the business major discipline and its relevance in other related fields. The memo uses credible academic sources to vividly examine the discipline and give a clear illustration of how its study is based on its meritocracy and not other over lying factors. History Before 1927, business studies were taught in early institution but there was no official record of it evolution. Nevertheless, Professor Gras started a business history program that aimed at tracing the chronologic development of history from small-scale learning to the current institutions. He was an editor of the Bulletin of the Business Historical Society since the year 1926-1953, which was later transformed in the year 1953 to the modern Business History review (86). During this period, business was learnt through the application of theories that were simple and specific to a certain situation or discipline. The major factor that contributed to the narrow nature of the early business was the motive of study. Individuals studied the fieldShow MoreRelatedThe General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course1628 Words   |  7 Pages Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. 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Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism Free Essays

Death and Dying- Customs and Rituals Hinduism and Buddhism Religious and cultural beliefs play a significant role in the processes of death and dying. These beliefs have created rituals that provide a conceptual framework for understanding the experience of death. Cultures across the world have different, unique rituals surrounding death and dying. We will write a custom essay sample on Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism or any similar topic only for you Order Now This can be proven by comparing Hinduism and Buddhism. Their pre-death rituals, burial rites and concepts of afterlife are very different. Hindus and Buddhists have diverse pre-death rituals. When death is imminent, Hindus are brought home to die. They are placed in either their room or the entryway of their house with their head facing east. A lamp is lit near their head, and the person is encouraged to focus on their mantra. The Hinduism religion states that a mantra is a word repeated during mediation. Family members sing hymns, pray and read scripture for the dying person. When Buddhists are dying, it is up to their family to keep them positive. Loved ones must free themselves of disturbing emotion. It is their responsibility to help the dying person accept death as a natural and inevitable part of life. Hindus rituals are scripted, religious and self-dependant while Buddhist’s rituals are low-maintenance and mostly dependant on family members. In conclusion, Hinduism and Buddhism are very different in regards to pre-death rituals. Hinduism beliefs about the afterlife vary significantly from Buddhism beliefs. Hindus believe that humans go through a never-ending cycle of birth and death. Hindus believe in karma. Karma is â€Å"action, seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation: in Hinduism one of the means of reaching Brahman† (Collins English Dictionary, Web). Buddhists believe that every soul is reborn until it has been cleansed. In Buddhism, the goal is to achieve Nirvana. Nirvana is â€Å"freedom from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations, with their consequent suffering, as a result of the extinction of individual passion, hatred, and delusion. † (Collins English Dictionary, Web). Superficially, these two rituals seem similar, but differences can be found on a deeper level. Hinduism is a never-ending cycle, while Buddhism can be escaped. The biggest difference between Hinduism and Buddhism is their burial rites. Hindu families prepare heir deceased with oil and herbs. The body is carried on a wooden frame to a publically designated cremation site where mourners chant mantras. After the body has been cremated, bits of bone and ash that remain are collected and strewn into the Holy River. Ten days after the cremation, family members offer ten pindas to the river to feed the spirit of the deceased on its travels to the next incarnation. Buddhists hold simple, solemn funerals. They believe it is unnecessary to spend a lot of money on traditional ceremonies. During the viewing, an altar is set up in front of the casket. Mourners can place offerings such as fruit, flowers and candles on the altar. Images of the Buddha and deceased person are placed in front of the altar. These religions are different because Hindus burials are elaborate and expensive, while Buddhists burials are simple, practical and inexpensive. Burial rites reveal how different Hinduism and Buddhism are. Hinduism and Buddhism have very different pre-death rituals, concepts of afterlife and burial rites. This proves that all religions have a unique set of traditions surrounding death and dying. These traditions help shape religion and create a diverse society. Bibliography Hitchcock, Susan Tyler. Geography of Religion: Where God Lives, Where Pilgrims Walk. Washington DC: National Geographic Society, 2004. Print. Berhad, Koperasi Buddhisme Malaysia. A Guide to a Proper Buddhist Funeral. Sea Park: Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc, 2000. Print. Collins English Dictionary. â€Å"Karma. † Dictionary Reference. 2009. HarperCo Publishers. March 6, 2013 http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/karma Collins English Dictionary. â€Å"Nirvana. † Dictionary Reference. 2009. HarperCo Publishers. March 6, 2013 http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/nirvana How to cite Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism, Papers

Resistance in Different Types of Wires-Free-Samples for Students

Question: How the different variables affect resistance in different types of wires. Answer: Introduction The aim of this experiment is to determine how the different variables affect resistance in different types of wires. There are several discussed factors that influence the amount of electric current transmitted from one point to another using the given wire. These factors are the cross sectional area of the wire, the length of the given wire, and the nature of the metal material. This experiment seeks to address the effect of the length of a wire in transmitting current. The following wires were selected to conduct the experiment: - Nichrome wire Copper wire Contantan Eureka wire Electricity is transmitted by motion of electrons. These electrons tend to move randomly when excited at the point of power application. When power is supplied to the wire, a potential difference is created. The electrons drift from a region high concentration to that of low concentration. In so doing, current is transmitted and to ensure that there is unrestricted movement throughout the connection, atoms transfer electrical energy ans so when an electrical current conducts, one or two electrons shall possess sufficient energy to deviate away from the pull of the nucleus. This pull frees the electrons which are in a position to move randomly in a rapid motion. The electrons keep changing the direction of motion due to collision with other electrons that have been freed and the positive ions. These collisions cause resistance to the flow of current in the circuit. As a result, the width or thickness of a wire affects the amount of resistance in the flow of current within a circuit. F urther restriction on the movement of current within the circuit may result in a lot of collision and increase the resistance. The thickness of the metal wire is a controllable independent variable within the experiment. From figure 1, it can be inferred that the larger the cross sectional area of the conducting wire, the more the electrons can flow much freely. The reduced cross-sectional area results in a more compact electrons drift and greater resistance. According to ohms law, when the potential difference is held constant, the current is inversely proportional to the resistance. This is denoted as shown below, The formula above can be used to obtain the resistivity of the metal wires. The resistivity of a material is measured in ohm meter (?-m). The experiment conducts various tests to find out the ability of different metals to conduct electricity. For the experiment carried out, the tests ensure that the cross sectional area of the wires is constant throughout. The constant state is maintained even as the length of each wire is being altered. Hypothesis H1: The experiment proposes that as the length of the metal wires is elongated, the current flow will be reduced as a result of increased resistance. PROVE: The experiment further proves the hypothesis above by stating that the wire introduces more ion collisions for the duration that the wire is elongated. This in turn increases the resistance. There are more stationary ions for the negatively charged electrons to collide with because of the additional length. The resistance reduces for the electrons traveling over short wires as they encounter collisions for only a short period compared to the elongated wires. Equipment Power supply Voltmeter Ammeter Wire resistor Connecting wires or crocodile clips Procedure The components as listed above were connected as shown in figure 2. The setup was done in a room with constant temperature within one testing period to reduce possible variables. The wire resistor was held and taut out; measurement were taken from the reading. The crocodile clips were attached to the wire at the desired length. The readings were collected and repeated over the variable lengths of about 90cm to 50cm in increments of 10 centimeters per test. Five different readings were conducted per length, per wire by adjusting the strength of the power source. The current flowing through the component is measured using the ammeter that is connected in series while the voltmeter measures the voltage across the component while connected in parallel. Experimental Precaution To avoid high voltages due to safety one is required to place a fireproof mat underneath the wire resistor to avoid potential wire burnout. This is a safety risk due to the thermal energy that heats up the wire to very high temperatures that could prompt the burnout. The difference in length are adjusted according to the wire malleability either to the positive or to the negative. Results and Observation The following are the 5 test results obtained from the experiment when the length of the wire resistor was varied based on the length. The table shows the average resistances for each length per wire using gradients obtained by the line of best fit. Average Resistance (ohms ) Wires (20swg) 90cm 80cm 70cm 60cm 50cm Copper 0.0312 0.0346 0.0235 0.0364 0.0206 Nichrome 2.1692 1.7462 1.5461 1.4344 1.147 Constantan 0.777 0.5908 0.5596 0.4823 0.3841 The following graph was plotted to show the relationship among the different materials used in the tests and their resistance as the lengths were increased. The graphs were plotted for the voltage against the current. Using ohms law, one can obtain the resistances. The line of best fit techniques are implemented to obtain a steady line for each material. The gradient of the resulting line shows the average resistance. The line of best fit is used rather than the exact averages as it eliminates the severity of the impact of anomalies and allows for trends to become more pronounced. The difference in length for each wire used in the experiment was determined by its malleability and our ability to get it as straight as possible. Copper wire +/- 1 cm Nichrome wire +/- 2cm Constantan Eureka Wire +/- 0.5 cm The graph is as displayed below Discussion The results show trends and answers regarding the research question, however the experiment suffered from various aspects that were problematic. These complications were a common issue among the copper wire and reflect on the results it provided. The first issue was the power source, which would not give out the proper voltage and wouldnt provide a constant current. We tried to adjust this by adding an adjustable resistor rheostat that did not work due to mechanical error. Another equipment issue was the alligator clips unable to attach to instruments securely. These caused the circuit to dropout often and/or give unstable results. Generated thermal heat energy was also another problem to the outcome due to its effect on the resistance of the wire. This is because of the increase of its temperature, causing the atoms to vibrate with more energy and therefore more vigorously, hence making the electrons flowing through the electric circuit more likely to collide with one of the atoms, so therefore increasing resistance. This is believed to be the main issue for the copper wire as it heated up extremely quick relating to its non-linear results with no clear trends or patterns. Disregarding the copper wire the graph in figure 4, a trend is evidently displayed that as the length increases so does the resistance. This directly supports the hypothesis that was stated earlier. This demonstrates that at a reduced wire length it is for the current to flow though under less resistance and inverse for greater lengths. To find the resistivity and/or conductivity of the wires use the formula R = L/A derived from the resistance formula R=V/I. Resistance , resistivity (), cross- sectional area (A) and length (L). Manipulate formula so that: The gradient (m) from y=mx+c is: Derive formula to solve for : Where resistivity () 1/conductivity () Refer to Appendix 2 for correct graphs where length is in metres Copper Wire m= 0.0194 from Figure 5 =0.0194 x 0.0006567 = m Nichrome Wire m = 2.3562 from figure 6 =2.3562 x 0.0006567 = m Constantan Eureka Wire m= 0.8943 from Figure 7 =0.8943 x 0.0006567 = The potential difference across a component and its resistance determines the current that passes through. This is presented as Potential Difference = Current x Resistance. To ameliorate future recordings alterations can be made to the design and method of the experiment. Any heating effects of the current must be controlled and kept at a constant temperature. The wires can be firm and stretched out so that it is straight in turn reducing the number of bends and distortions to help give more precise wire measurements and final results. Concusion In a nutshell, the hypothesis was confirmed to hold as demonstrated in the results and in the analysis section. The results show a trend confirming an increase in the resistance to the flow of current. The trend was evident in all the materials used in the experiment as shown in the graphical illustration under the results and observation section. The ohms law holds and is used to determine the relationship between the length of a wire and its resistivity. Referneces https://www.qcaa.qld.edu.au/downloads/senior/snr_physics_07_eei_electricity.pdf https://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/resistance-in-a-wire-13.html

Difference Between Commercial Bank and Islamic Bank Essay Example

Difference Between Commercial Bank and Islamic Bank Paper Product Differentiation between Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking Submitted to: Quazi Sagota Samina Senior Lecturer, Department of Business Administration. East West University, Dhaka. Submitted by: NameID Arafat Rauf2009-2-10-345 FIN 380 Section: 2 Group: 10 Fall: 2011 Date of Submission: 23rd October 2011 Table of Content Executive Summary3 Objective of the Study3 Limitation of the Study3 Analysis4 Bibliography12 Executive Summary Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activity that is consistent with Islamic law (Sharia’h) principles and guided by Islamic economics. In particular, Islamic law prohibits usury, the collection and payment of interest, also commonly called riba. Generally, Islamic law also prohibits trading in financial risk (which is seen as a form of gambling). In addition, Islamic law prohibits investing in businesses that are considered unlawful, or haraam. Islamic finance has been gaining momentum on a global scale for the last 30 years. Conventional banking is based on collateral. In conventional banks charging interest does not stop unless specific exception is made to a particular defaulted loan. Interest charged on a loan can be multiple of the principal, depending on the length of the loan period. More than half the population of the world is deprived of the financial services of the conventional banks. Objective of the Study Our objective of the study was to know the product differentiation of Islamic Bank and Conventional bank. In which way they differ from each other. In our case, we have use Shajalal Islamic Bank as an Islamic bank and Uttara Bank as a Conventional bank. We mainly focus on to know the difference of Islamic bank and conventional bank. Limitation of the Study We will write a custom essay sample on Difference Between Commercial Bank and Islamic Bank specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Difference Between Commercial Bank and Islamic Bank specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Difference Between Commercial Bank and Islamic Bank specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although we have tried our best to make this term paper perfect but there were some limitations that obstructed us from doing so. We have faced some problems while preparing this report. Some of the limitations encountered while making this report are as follows: The topic has so much to cover, so initially we faced some problem to choose the appropriate field to talk about. We tried to collect information about Uttara Bank, but as not much information is available we faced some problem to make comparison with Shajalal Islamic Bank. Analysis of the study ISLAMIC BANKING Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activity that is consistent with Islamic law (Sharia’h) principles and guided by Islamic economics. In particular, Islamic law prohibits usury, the collection and payment of interest, also commonly called riba. Generally, Islamic law also prohibits trading in financial risk (which is seen as a form of gambling). In addition, Islamic law prohibits investing in businesses that are considered unlawful, or haraam. Amongst the governing principles of an Islamic bank are: * The absence of interest-based (riba) transactions; The avoidance of economic activities involving oppression (zulm) * The avoidance of economic activities involving speculation (gharar); * The introduction of an Islamic tax, zakat; * The discouragement of the production of goods and services which contradict the Islamic value (haram) Islamic law considers a loan to be given or taken, free of charge, to meet any contingency. Thus in Islamic Banking, the cred itor should not take advantage of the borrower. When money is lent out on the basis of interest, more often it leads to some kind of injustice. (Website of sooperarticles. om) Conventional Banking Conventional banking is based on the principle that the more you have, the more you can get. In other words, if you have little or nothing, you get nothing. As a result, more than half the population of the world is deprived of the financial services of the conventional banks. Conventional banking is based on collateral. Conventional banks look at what has already been acquired by a person Conventional banks go into ‘punishment’ mode when a borrower is taking more time in repaying the loan than it was agreed upon. They call these borrowers â€Å"defaulters†. When a client gets into difficulty, conventional banks get worried about their money, and make all efforts to recover the money, including taking over the collateral. In conventional banks charging interest does not stop unless specific exception is made to a particular defaulted loan. Interest charged on a loan can be multiple of the principal, depending on the length of the loan period. (Website of scribd. com) Uttara bank (UBL) UBL is one of the largest private banks in Bangladesh. It operates through 211 fully computerized branches ensuring best possible and fastest services to its valued clients. The bank has more than 600 foreign correspondents worldwide. Total numbers of employees are nearly 3,562. The Board of Directors consists of 13 members. The bank is headed by the Managing Director who is the Chief Executive Officer. The Head Office is located at Bank’s own 18-storied building at Motijheel, the commercial center of the capital, Dhaka. Special loan scheme Consumer credit Uttaran Consumer-Credit Scheme : ________________________________________ UBL started Uttaran Consumers Credit Scheme from 1996. UBL offers opportunity of Financial assistance for †¢Motor cycle/car- New or re-conditioned. Refrigerator/ Deep Freeze. †¢Television/ VCR /VCP/VCD †¢Radio/ Two-in-one/ Three – in – one †¢Air-Conditioner/ Water Cooler/ Water Pump †¢Washing Machine. †¢Personal Computer/ UPS/ Printer/ Type writer †¢Sewing Machine. †¢House hold furniture- Wooden Steel. †¢Cellular Telephone. †¢Fax †¢Photocopier. †¢E lectric Fan- Ceiling/ Pedestal/ Table. †¢Bi-Cycle †¢Dish Antenna. †¢Baby Taxi, Tempo/Microbus (For self employed persons) †¢Kitchen articles such as Oven, Micro-oven, Toaster, Blender, Pressure Cooker etc. Special Features : †¢No collateral security is required. †¢Simple rate of interest. †¢Quick sanction. †¢Maximum Loan amount Tk. ,00,000/- †¢5% incentive on total interest charged Personal Loan : ________________________________________ Personal Loan Scheme for Salaried Officers- †¢Emergency expenses for own marriage of a service- holder or his dependents. †¢Emergency expenses of urgent surgical operation/ medical treatment. †¢Emergency educational expenses of the children for admission/purchase of books, examination fees etc. Special Features : †¢Any permanent salaried employee aged between 20 to 55 years is eligible to get loan. †¢No collateral security is required. †¢Maximum Amount of loan Tk. 1,00,000. à ¢â‚¬ ¢Maximum period of loan upto 3 years. Deposit scheme: ?Saving account Features : †¢Minimum amount : Taka 1,000. 00 †¢Rate of Interest : 4. 50% †¢Free Cheque-Book facility †¢Opportunity to apply for safe deposit locker facility †¢Collect foreign remittance in both T. C. Taka draft. †¢Transfer of fund from one branch to another by oDemand Draft oMail Transfer oTelegraphic Transfer †¢Transfer of fund on Standing Instruction Arrangement †¢Collection of cheques through Clearing House. †¢Issuance of Payment Order / Call Deposit 1. Special Notice Deposit: †¢Govt. , Semi-Govt. , Autonomous organization and an individual may open SND Account with UBL. 7 days notice required to withdraw. Deposit Amount Below 1 crore Equal and above 1 crore and below 25 crore Equal and above 25 crore and below 50 crore Equal and above 50 crore and below 100 crore Equal and above 100 crore 2. Fixed Deposit Receipt †¢Any Bangladeshi national residing home or abroad may open FDR with UBL. †¢FDR may be opened single/joint name for a period of 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. †¢UBL offers attractive/competitive rate of interest in FDR. Fixed Deposit (FDR) Rate of Interest 13 months above but less than 6 months ) deposit below Tk. 1. 00 crore11. 50% b) deposit Tk. 1. 00 crore and above but less than Tk. 5. 00 crore11. 75% c) deposit Tk. 5. 00 crore and above12. 00% 26 months above but less than 1 year11. 00% 31 year above but less than 2 years11. 00% 42 years above but not more than 3 years11. 00% 3. Double Benefit Deposit Scheme a) Any adult Bangladeshi National will be eligible to open this account. b) Minimum Tk. 1,00,000/- (Taka One Lac only) and multiples thereof will be accepted as deposit under this scheme. c) The period shall be of 8. (Eight years Six months) years term. d) Deposit may be encashed before its maturity and no interest will be paid if encashed before 1(one) year of deposit. e) Interest will be paid at Savings rate if encashed after 1(one) year. f) Advance will be allowed up to 80% of the deposit after completion of one year g) Full amount including interest will be paid on maturity. h) Govt. tax, Surcharge, Source Tax, Levy, Govt. Excise duty will be recoveredfrom the depositor’s A/C. i) Account holder can appoint a nominee against the account. ) Bank reserves the right to close the account at any time and make amendment / alteration of the terms conditions of the scheme Without assigning any reason. 4. Monthly Deposit Scheme a) Any adult Bangladeshi National will be eligible to open this account. b) The period of the scheme will be 5 (five) years and 10 (ten) years term. c) Monthly installment will be Tk. 500/-, 1000/-, 2000/-, 3000/-, 5000/- 10000/- d) Monthly installment to be deposited within 10th day of the month. After due date a penalty of Tk. 50/- will be realized from the A/C holder. If the A/C holder fails to deposit 3(three) consecutive monthly Installments, the account will be automatically closed. e) No cheque book will be issued against the account. f ) Deposit may be encashed before maturity. But no interest will be paid if encashed before 1(one) year of deposit. f) Advance will be allowed up to 80% of the deposit after completion of one year g) Interest will be paid at Savings rate if encashed after 1(one) year of deposit. h) Advance will be allowed up to 80% of the deposit after completion of one year. ) Full amount including interest will be paid on maturity. j) Govt. tax, Surcharge, Source Tax, Levy, Govt. Excise duty will be recovered from the depositor’s A/C. k) Account holder can appoint a nominee against the account. l) Bank reserves the right to close the account at any time and make amendment / alteration of the terms conditions of the scheme Without assigning any reason. (Website of Uttara bank) Shahjalal Islami Bank Limited (SJIBL) Comme nced its commercial operation in accordance with principle of Islamic Shariah on the 10th May 2001 under the Bank Companies Act, 1991. During last ten years SJIBL has diversified its service coverage by opening new branches at different strategically important locations across the country offering various service products both investment deposit. Islamic Banking, in essence, is not only INTEREST-FREE banking business, it carries deal wise business product thereby generating real income and thus boosting GDP of the economy. Management Team is strong and supportive equipped with excellent professional knowledge under leadership of a veteran Banker Mr. Md. Abdur Rahman Sarker. Their Vision is to be the unique modern Islamic Bank in Bangladesh and to make significant contribution to the national economy and enhance customers trust wealth, quality investment, employees value and rapid growth in shareholders equity. Islamic Mode of Investment Bai Mechanism: Bai means purchase and sale of goods in cash or on credit or in advance at an agreed upon profit, which may or may not be disclosed to the client. Majority of investments of Islamic banks are extended through this mechanism. A good number of investment products have been designed to facilitate mainly working capital financing which goes as follows: Bai-Murabaha Murabaha LC(Sight/Deferred): Through this mode of indirect facility, the bank facilitates import of goods of the client at fixed rate of service charge (LC commission) on invoice value. LC may be opened at 100% cash or at a different ratio. Murabaha Post Import TR : This is a post import finance under the principle of â€Å"Bai†, extended to retire Shipping Documents under LC opened. We buy the imported goods and sell the same to the importer at a cost plus an agreed upon profit repayable today or on some date in the future in lumpsum or by installments. Usually payment is made by lumpsum from the sale proceeds of the consignment. Possession of goods remains with the client. Collateral security is usually obtained to secure the finance. Murabaha Post Import Pledge : As like as Murabaha Post Import TR with an exception to security. Goods remain under the control of the Bank. Collateral security may or may not be obtained. Bai-Muajjal Bai-Muajjal Commercial TR: It is an agreement between bank and client whereby bank delivers goods to the client upon deferred payment, i. e. the client shall pay the price at some future date at a time, by lumpsum or by installment. Under this mode of nvestment, bank is not supposed to disclose cost price and profit separately. Goods are delivered on trust and Trust Receipt is obtained for legal implication. Bai-Muajjal (Real Estate): Mode of operation and principle of this product are alike Bai-Mujjal Commercial TR. Difference is with the purpose, i. e. the facility is only extended against construction or purchase of building, apartment etc. Bai-Muajjal (WES Bill): Investment facility under this Mode is extended to liquidate ABP liability at maturity, when the client cannot liquidate the liability as a result of non-repatriation of the related export proceeds. Bai-Muajjal (Term): Under this mode of investment, term facility is given to meet client’s requirement, which is repaid by a specific repayment schedule. Purpose is a bit different, such as to meet BG claim, etc. Bai-Salam Bai-Salam (PC): This is export finance. Bai-Salam is a term used to define a sale in which the buyer makes advance payment, but the delivery is delayed until sometime in the future. Usually the seller is an individual or business and the buyer is the bank. The Bai-Salam sales serve the interest of both parties: a. The seller- receives advance payment in exchange for the obligation to deliver the commodity at some later date. He benefits from the salam sale buy locking in a price for his commodity, thereby allowing him to cover his financial needs whether they are personal expenses, family expenses or business expenses. b. The purchaser benefits because he receives delivery of the commodity when it is needed to fulfill some other agreement, without incurring storage costs. Second, a Bai-Salam sale is usually less expensive than a cash sale. Finally a Bai-Salam agreement allows the purchase to lock in a price, thus protecting him price fluctuation. (Website of SJIBL) Islamic Banking Vs Conventional Banking: An Islamic bank is distinguishable from its conventional counterpart by some basic principles, each of which is derived from the Quran, sunna, or both. The main difference between Islamic and conventional banking is that Islamic teaching says that money itself has no intrinsic value, and forbids people from profiting by lending it, without accepting a level of risk – in other words, interest (known as riba) cannot be charged. There are two major differences between Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking: 1. Conventional banking practices are concerned with elimination of risk where as Islamic banks bear the risk when involve in any transaction. 2. When Conventional banks involve in transaction with consumer they do not take the liability only get the benefit from consumer in form of interest whereas Islamic banks bear all the liability when involve in transaction with consumer. Getting out any benefit without bearing its liability is declared Haram in Islam. To make money from money is prohibited – wealth can only be generated through legitimate trade and investment. Any gains relating to this trading are shared between the person providing the capital and the person providing the expertise. (Website of wiki. answers. com) The unique features of the conventional banking and Islamic banking are shown in terms of a box diagram as shown below:- Conventional BanksIslamic Banks 1. The functions and operating modes of conventional banks are based on fully manmade principles. 1. The functions and operating modes of Islamic banks are based on the principles of IslamicShariah. . The investor is assured of a predetermined rate of interest. 2. In contrast, it promotes risk sharing between provider of capital (investor) and the user of funds (entrepreneur). 3. It aims at maximizing profit without any restriction. 3. It also aims at maximizing profit but subject to Shariah restrictions. 4. It does not deal with Zakat. 4. In the modern Islamic banking system, it has become one of the service-oriented functions of the Islamic banks to be a Zakat Collection Centre and they also pay out their Zakat. 5. Lending money and getting it back with compounding interest is the fundamental function of the conventional banks. 5. Participation in partnership business is the fundamental function of the Islamic banks. So we have to understand our customers business very well. 6. It can charge additional money (penalty and compounded interest) in case of defaulters. 6. The Islamic banks have no provision to charge any extra money from the defaulters. Only small amount of compensation and these proceeds is given to charity. Rebates are give for early settlement at the Banks discretion. . Very often it results in the banks own interest becoming prominent. It makes no effort to ensure growth with equity. 7. It gives due importance to the public interest. Its ultimate aim is to ensure growth with equity. 8. For interest-based commercial banks, borrowing from the money market is relatively easier. 8. For the Islamic banks, it must be based on a Shariah approved underlying transaction. 9. Since income from the advances is fixed, it gives little importance to developing expertise in project appraisal and evaluations. 9. Since it shares profit and loss, the Islamic banks pay greater attention to developing project appraisal and evaluations. 10. The conventional banks give greater emphasis on credit-worthiness of the clients. 10. The Islamic banks, on the other hand, give greater emphasis on the viability of the projects. 11. The status of a conventional bank, in relation to its clients, is that of creditor and debtors. 11. The status of Islamic bank in relation to its clients is that of partners, investors and trader, buyer and seller. 12. A conventional bank has to guarantee all its deposits. 12. Islamic bank an only guarantee deposits for deposit account, which is based on the principle of al-wadiah, thus the depositors are guaranteed repayment of their funds, however if the account is based on the mudarabah concept, client have to share in a loss position.. (Website of zaharuddin. net) Bibliography Here are some web addresses we use in our study: I. Official website of SJIBL, see http://www. shahj alalbank. com. bd/default. asp II. Official website of UBL, see http://www. uttarabank-bd. com/ III. â€Å"Similarities and differences between Islamic banking and conventional banking†, see http://wiki. nswers. com/Q/List_similarities_and_differences_between_Islamic_banking_an d_conventional_banking IV. ‘Islamic Banking†, see http://www. sooperarticles. com/finance-articles/demystification-islamic-banking-166518. html V. â€Å"Islamic-Banking-vs-Conventional-Banking†, see http://www. scribd. com/doc/17116904/Islamic-Banking-vs-Conventional-Banking VI. Rahman Zaharuddin, â€Å"Differences between Islamic Bank and Conventional Bank† see http://zaharuddin. net/index. php? option=com_contenttask=viewid=297Itemid=72 (all are accessed in 21st October 2011)

Funny Quotes for Your Christmas Celebration

Funny Quotes for Your Christmas Celebration Want to make witty remarks this Christmas? Ogden Nash, Dave Barry, Charles Dickens, and many other authors share their Christmas humor with you on this page. Peter Dickinson The threat of Christmas hung in the air, visible already in the fretful look of passersby as they readied themselves for the meaningless but necessary rites of false jovialities and ill-considered gifts. Max Lucado, God Came Near Were it not for the shepherds, there would have been no reception. And were it not for a group of stargazers, there would have been no gifts. Once again we find ourselves enmeshed in the Holiday Season, that very special time of year when we join with our loved ones in sharing centuries-old traditions such as trying to find a parking space at the mall. We traditionally do this in my family by driving around the parking lot until we see a shopper emerge from the mall, then we follow her, in very much the same spirit as the Three Wise Men, who 2,000 years ago followed a star, week after week, until it led them to a parking space. Ogden Nash People cant concentrate properly on blowing other people to pieces if their minds are poisoned by thoughts suitable to the twenty-fifth of December. Katharine Whitehorn, Roundabout From a commercial point of view, if Christmas did not exist it would be necessary to invent it. Frank McKinney Hubbard ​Next to a circus there aint nothing that packs up and tears out faster than the Christmas spirit. Bill Waterson, Calvin Hobbes Oh look, yet another Christmas TV special! How touching to have the meaning of Christmas brought to us by cola, fast food, and beer... Whod have ever guessed that product consumption, popular entertainment, and spirituality would mix so harmoniously? Dave Barry, Christmas Shopping In the old days, it was not called the Holiday Season; the Christians called it Christmas and went to church; the Jews called it Hanukkah and went to synagogue; the atheists went to parties and drank. People passing each other on the street would say Merry Christmas! or Happy Hanukkah! or (to the atheists) Look out for the wall! W. J. Cameron There has been only one Christmas the rest are anniversaries. Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol Out upon merry Christmas! Whats Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money; a time for finding yourself a year older, but not an hour richer...? If I could work my will, said Scrooge indignantly, every idiot who goes about with Merry Christmas upon his lips should be boiled with his won pudding, and buried with a stake of holly through his heart. He should!

Michelangelo, from Renaissance to Mannerism Essay - 1

Michelangelo, from Renaissance to Mannerism - Essay Example (Cheney, 47) Michelangelo’s ceiling in the Sistine Chapel, is an example of Italian High Renaissance. Other examples include Leonardo’s Last Supper, and Raphael’s School of Athens. The Last Judgment, was a paradigm of Mannerism as seen in the elongation of the figures and distortions of proportion. This is in contrast to his Florentine figures of Bacchus, David, and Doni Madonna which are formed in Gothic fashion. (Cheney, 54) Michelangelo was born in 1475 in a wealthy family near Florence. (Matthews and Platt,73) At the age of 13, he developed an extraordinary talent in drawing, and by his 14th birthday he was placed as an apprentice in the workshop of Domenico Ghirlandaio.(Matthews and Platt, 73) It was in Ghirlandaios workshop that Michelangelo learned the fundamentals of fresco painting. Michelangelo’s ceiling in the Sistine chapel, is an example of Italian High Renaissance. Other examples include Leonardo’s Last Supper, and Raphael’s School of Athens. The style known as Mannerism was predominant Italy, France, Netherlands, Germany and Spain between 1530 and 1600. Michelangelo is the representative of Mannerism, who stated that foreshortening is among the most difficult in the art of painting. The Mannerist had to free himself from the realities of this earth like a visionary and soar into higher spiritual spheres. To be a Mannerist, one had to be an eccentric, withstand ingenious mental experiments, subordinate himself to the dominion of the intellect instead of natural intuition, enjoy toying with incongruous ideas, place the artificial before normality, be receptive to the theoretical side and be enthusiastic and delight in the reckless distortion of his materials. The traditionally-minded artists stayed on the Renaissance artistic scope. (Cheney, 56) The father and creator of the Mannerist movement was Michelangelo. The special groups of artists who copied the maniera di Michelangelo in the sixteenth century were known as

Critical analysis of an issue(s)from the course Assignment

Critical analysis of an issue(s)from the course - Assignment Example As the world has become a global village, it revolutionizes the trend of the whole globe. Business is dispersing over the seas. It gradually dimities the boundaries and bring the people closer to each other. Globalization also requires the expansion of multinational organizations. To achieve better results, it is also necessary to understand the culture of people of different races. Culture has impact on communication also. Globalization has also certain effects on our personal world that will be discussed later in this paper. Globalization has increased the impact of cultural values and issues on people. Culture is defined as norm, values, believes behaviors and attitudes of certain group of people; community etc. These behaviors may vary from person to person depending on their costumes, languages, thoughts and perceptions. When the people belonging from different races interact with each other, an impact of cross culture issues seems to appear. This usually happens in multinational organizations where employees are brought from all around the world. The interaction between different cultures may lead to some cross cultural issues. Most of the times, the issue appears between eastern cultures and western cultures. In this paper we will enlighten such issues (Caetano, 2001). Another feature that is brought in by globalization is increasing technological advancements. Technology is the synthetic enhancement of human power. It makes us stronger and smarter. It is the technology that brings human beings from Stone Age to this modern era. Actually technology is the fact due to which world has become global village. It has increased the efficiency of business. It is the mean which provides luxurious life to the people and modifies the living standard. But it is confined to some people; it is observed that with the development of technology, unemployment is also increasing. In

Brief memorandum Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Brief memorandum - Case Study Example TheCrimesagainst humanity require the parties involvedbeing state actors with high authority in thearea andthe usemilitary means. This is evidenced by the the military force and federal police being deployed by the President Hardlein, who has authority over Minoropolis in the federal state of Minora. Under international law, a war crime takes place during an armed conflict. Internal disturbances are provided for under Rome Statute (Article 8(2) (c)-(f)), andbyjurisprudence.A war crime requires that the sides involved in the conflict are organized and engaged in intense combat. The term organization must satisfy certain criteria put down by an ICC Pre-Trial Chamber, the organization must have a hierarchy of command, possess the means to carry out a widespread or systematic attack, exercises control over a part of the territory of a State, and has criminal activities against a civilian population as a purpose. In Minora, the drug cartels are said to be well organized and have authority throughout the Minora country with the help of local police.Their criminal activities have brought violence to the country with victims being both rivals of member gangs and ordinary citizens. The drug cartels also use military weapons such as automatic weapons and grenade launchers that are used to attack the government forces. Common Article 3 to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and modified by Art. 1 of Additional Protocol II to state that the conflict must have an extended period of violence, and the parties must be organized and armed. The conflict in Minora between the government forces and drug cartels has taken place since January 2014 and went on until September. This can be said to be a long period of violence. In the case of Prosecutor v Tadic` the court held that an armed conflict occurs when the armed forces is used by governmental authority against armed groups within a state as is the case between the government forces and the criminal cartels. The

Causes effects and solutions to sexual abuse

Causes effects and solutions to sexual abuse Sexual violence manifests sexually aggressive acts by the use of Physical, or mental force which reduces a person to an inferior position to impose sexual conduct against their will. This is an act that fundamentally seeks to bring the body to a weak point and go against the will of the person. Sexual violence has many forms: Access or harassment on the street, at work, at home, at school, in school, at college, etc. Rape Sexual exploitation Sexual abuse of boys and girls Prostitution Pornography Sexual violence is a clear stigma of degradation of the spirit of a society completely ignorant. The degree of aggression that coexists in every case of sexual violence is incredibly frustrating. Nowadays there are so many acts of vandalism that exist that it s impossible to control. Acts that can only be described as authentic aberrations are now growing even dizzying pace (at the expense of the security issues) and they are getting worse, these acts are undoubtedly sexual assaults. Both women and men are victims of sexual abuse. In Australia, conservative estimates indicate that one in every 11 children and one in four girls have undergone some form of sexual abuse before age 18. Men are the perpetrators of most cases of sexual violence (97 percent), but men are a significant proportion of all victims: 26 percent of children under 18 years. Research recently conducted in the United States suggest that up to 20 percent of men suffered sexual abuse in childhood. Additionally, we recognize the incidence of sexual assault against adult men. Sexual assault takes many forms, including child sexual abuse, rape, sexual harassment, incest and other forms of rape in which the victim is never at fault. The responsibility lies with the offender and in our society, a society that allows and promotes sexual violence. There are numerous acts of aggression towards children that have emerged in recent years a favorite of these criminals, twisted minds and lacking in common sense. Such situations cause to the victim, in most cases, psychological disturbances that are often irreparable. Physically and also affected the worst, brutally murdered, which is becoming more common today. Generally, those who commit such acts are affected mentally, and if I say generally because in many cases these crimes are committed in full knowledge of the damage, and have no qualms about the damage hauled to the victim. As already indicated sexual assault are mainly oriented towards women, which are clearly the object of desire of the obsessive mind of these criminals do not care who commit such acts of violence, in order to satisfy their instinctive desires in a way appalling and without any scruples. The worst thing is that these people, if not arrested the first time, will re-offending again. Sexual abuse includes both touching offenses (fondling or sexual intercourse) and nontouching offenses (exposing a child to pornographic materials) and can involve varying degrees of violence and emotional trauma. (Sexual abuse, ) In fact our safety is compromised by such actions, which are clearly of concern to everyone. Resort to murder after a violation for the sole reason to hide evidence, when in fact what they try to hide is the ugliness of their own acts, which are conscious and torment them. In an extremely liberal society, they have been the consequences that after all prevent us from having that true freedom that we boast, and that robs us of every hack of sexual violence. This type of violence, which only serves to create panic in society and rob security standard that we should belong. Our society, outraged, accusing various elements of what is happening, though science is not certain there are some factors that cause these acts, because to do so or not in the ideals of each person. However, attempts to show that there are a number of things that malformation the minds of people, especially children and adolescents, and possibly be true, because what is done and you learn ends up being what we do. Sexual violence is the product of the high life of man, which led him to desire to enjoy life totally wrong 2. Sexual Abuse in Children When a child tells an adult who has been sexually abused, the adult may be very uncomfortable and may not know what to say or do. You should follow the following suggestions to respond to children who say they were sexually abused: What to Say If the child in any way indicates that it has suffered sexual abuse, encourage them to talk freely about what happened. Do not make judgmental comments. Show that you understand and take very seriously what he says. The child and adolescent psychiatrists have found that children who have nobody understand them much better than those who do not. The initial response to the revelation of sexual abuse is critical to the childs ability to resolve and heal the trauma of sexual abuse. Reassure your child that he was right to say it. If your child has a close relationship with the abuser, may feel frightened if he has threatened to harm him or his family as punishment for telling the secret. Tell the child that he / she are not to blame for sexual abuse. Most children try to understand the abuse and think that they caused the abuse or imagine that is a punishment for bad things (real or imagined) they did. Finally, offer the child protection, and promise that you will promptly ensure that the abuse stops. Parents should consult with your pediatrician or family doctor, who may refer them to a doctor who specializes in the evaluation and treatment of sexual abuse. The doctor who examined the child can assess your condition and treat any physical problem related to the abuse, may also obtain evidence that will help protect the child and ensure that all is well. Usually, the child must also have a psychiatric evaluation to determine how it has affected the sexual abuse and determine if you need professional help to overcome the trauma of abuse. The child and adolescent psychiatrist can also help other members of the family may be upset by the abuse. Although most of the abuse allegations are true, there may be cases of false accusations in child custody disputes or other situations. Occasionally, the court may ask a child and adolescent psychiatrist to help you determine if the child is telling the truth. When the child has to testify, special considerations to reduce your stress, such as the use of video to record the testimony, frequent breaks, exclusion of spectators or the option of not having to look at the accused. Adults, because of their maturity and experience, are always the culprits in cases of abuse. You should never blame the child. When the child makes assumption about sexual abuse, it is important to give support and love, this is the first step to help the child and reestablishing their trust in adults. Pedophilia Child Pornography The pornography child is playing sexually explicit image of a child. This is in itself a form of sexual exploitation of children. Encourage, deceive or force children to pose for photographs or participate in pornographic videos is outrageous and is a disregard for the dignity and self-esteem of children. This means that the body of a child has no value and demonstrates that your body is on sale. Children are deprived of their childhood. Children lose trust in others, particularly in adults, and remain at the mercy of other types of exploitation and can develop a range of post-traumatic stress symptoms such as depression, aggression and violence, loss of self and inclination to self-mutilation. Often their lives end in suicide. Its really difficult to achieve effective implementation of the laws against covert activity. But laws must be applied. They are the final protection of children and so far have not done enough to enact laws or to implement truly effective when they are in force. The sexual abuse and exploitation of children is one of the most vicious crimes conceivable, a violation of mankinds most basic duty to protect the innocent. (Walsh) 3. Sexual Harassment In any case, violence is a case which has several facets, the most worrying, is present in a face somewhat hidden, yet is the most frequent and discussed by all: the sexual harassment. This kind of events occur due to wrong phenomenon that affects our society, the relentless machismo that prevails elsewhere, and that often leads to false ideals of the true conception of life. Sexual harassment includes a range of abuse (usually of men to women), by the wearing short clothes, for example, suggests that men in a consent by women who never actually said. One of the most common is the secretary harassed by her boss often threatened with dismissal and therefore into the jungle of unemployment, if it accepts a set of rules ruthless regarding any type of inappropriate touching. Similarly the young people feel more and more angry, with good reason for the continued harassment they are subjected by the fact of being attractive to older men. Although it must be clear that not only these but also the young who seek to exploit much of its friendship with a girl. We must also mention the existence of many cases of sexual harassment from parents to their minor children. These cases are usually not reported for fear of retaliation, although it should take courage and tell all. These reports are a step hard by the person harassed, but talk is more important than it seems at first glance. 4. Sexual abuse in the marriage or partner Many times we have met with women and men after a time of psychotherapy, for various reasons, and having re-established problems of his personality, such as identity, discrimination, care of themselves, they realize that her husband sexually abused them . Other people know they are leaving abuse and can not react or talk about it. Can not put limits to what they know it is an affront to his person. Examples: Reach a sexual relationship had never really wanted, it is clear that not having loved and not having entered later in a game of seduction and erotic of the two. With the following characteristics in order of severity: physically forced, this is a violation explicit or implicit threats explicitly denied having implicitly denied having do or be doing erotic practices dislikes, does not like or cause displeasure repeatedly having sex without feeling like Having sex or erotic practices or different techniques as an exchange or exchange of certain things is a kind of prostitution. Is knowingly do both or a single person. And in the case may be that both are the abused each suffer attitudes violent fake orgasm Spousal Sexual Assault A penalty of imprisonment as hereinafter provided to any person who engages in nonconsensual sexual intercourse with your spouse or former spouse, or the person cohabiting or has cohabited, or takes or who has a consensual relationship or the person with whom he fathered child in any of the following circumstances If it has been compelled to engage in sexual conduct through the use of force, violence, intimidation or threat of immediate serious bodily harm, or If you have canceled or substantially reduced, without their consent their ability to resistance by means of hypnotics, narcotics, depressants or stimulant substances or similar means to you, or If illness or mental disability, temporary or permanent person was the person unable to understand the nature of the act at the time of its completion, or Whether or induces by forces that abuse and / or psychological violence to a spouse or cohabitant to participate or engage in unwanted sexual intercourse with a third party. The penalty imposed for this crime, except the modality referred to in subsection (a) of this section, shall be imprisonment for a fixed term of fifteen years. Aggravating circumstances, the fixed penalty may be increased to a maximum of twenty years, there were extenuating circumstances, and may be reduced to a minimum of ten years. The penalty imposed for the type of crime referred to in subsection (a) of this section, shall be imprisonment for a fixed term of thirty years. Aggravating circumstances, the fixed penalty may be increased to a maximum of fifty years, there were extenuating circumstances, and may be reduced to a minimum of twenty years. When the mode of the offense described in subsection (a) of this Article is committed while the offender has entered the home of the victim without her consent or a house or residential building, Where the victim or to the patio, land or parking area of these, and when the spouses or cohabitants were broken or residing in different homes or who initiated an action legal divorce, the punishment of crime shall be imprisonment for a fixed term of sixty years. Aggravating circumstances, the fixed penalty may be increased to a maximum of ninety-nine years of extenuating circumstances, may be reduced to a minimum of forty years. The court may impose a sentence of restitution in addition to the penalty of imprisonment provided for in any of the aforementioned modalities. 5. Female Domination This erotic game is basically a change in traditional roles (or at least once traditional) passivity submission by women and dominance aggression initiative by the man during the development of sexual activities and especially during games erotic and practice many couples enjoy a stimulating aperitif prior to consummation of sexual intercourse itself. Female Dominance in the game is to implement a very common erotic fantasy for many men and many women: that women dominate, command, is the lady who loves her man ordered to do whatever she says, and man in turn assume the role of a servant, slave or prisoner giving his freedom and willingness to women, will strive to fulfill her orders for the duration of the game. In that game, which can last a few minutes before the sexual act or continue for hours or even days, she can take on roles such as those of love (the most common and comprehensive), goddess, mistress, employer-patron , boss, secretary or dominant schoolgirl, amazon, etc. and man as the complementary roles of a servant or slave, humble employee, prisoner, and even suffer a reification of what will be treated as an object (chair, polish, ashtray, seat, etc..) which provide pleasurable services his mistress or being animalized and become human or dog horse property of its owner, who knows how to train him to be satisfied in the best way possible. However, the crime is not punished for the sake of the victim who suffers directly, but for the sake of the family that feels that its capacity to utilise the resource (the female body) fully has been compromised. (Os rio, 2005) 6. Sexual Abuse In Men Sexual abuse is a reality in many countries, however, remains taboo. In the past two decades, the movement of women has greatly contributed to open discussion of sexual abuse. This work has enabled basic men who have suffered sexual abuse talk about their experiences and seek help to overcome the trauma of abuse. The sexual abuse has devastating consequences for victims, including those that survive. The victims must fight to overcome the emotional and social effects of the trauma they have suffered. A Culture of Silence It is particularly difficult for children and men reveal that they were sexually assaulted. Our society conditions us to believe that men should always be in control of their emotions, other people and their environment. They are taught to define themselves as men by the degree to which they can meet with success this control. As a result, most men are not believed to be a victim and especially not in the sexual arena. When this happens often provokes a strong emotional shock, being something so far from the normal experience of men. Not only is it difficult for men to accept being sexually assaulted, but likely to live in silence, since the reactions of others enhance the feeling of being victimized. As the survivor finds it hard to believe what has happened, but other people respond with disbelief. If a man reveals he was sexually abused, often punished further when his manhood and sexual orientation are questioned. Sexual assault is a form of violence in which the sex is used as a weapon against the person who was abused. As a result, most male survivors are concerned to some extent their sexuality, whether in relation to our male identity, our position among men, the masculinity of our behavior, our sexual preferences, frequency and sexual satisfaction of our business or our capacity for sexual intimacy. These problems affect our daily lives, often for years after the abuse ended. Generally, people assume that when a man sexually attacked or violated another man, the offender and the victim is gay is too. These notions, popular but misguided, rooted in the myth that sexual assault primarily seeks sexual gratification, and people ignore the issues of power and control. Research has shown that most men who attack other men have a heterosexual orientation and that most survivors of sexual violence are also heterosexual. Assume that the offenders are homosexuals protect and relieve the offender heterosexual and unfairly raise suspicion and blame to the community homosexual. Assume that the victim is homosexual has negative consequences for the survivor, who, regardless of whether heterosexual or homosexual, will suffer the social stigma of being considered homosexual, as well as the feeling of guilt for the attack. This guilt is based on the inability to clearly distinguish between sex with consent or without consent. Although sexual abuse creates confusion and concern about sexuality, sexual preference does not determine the survivor. It is only the survivor, not the offender, who determines their sexual preferences and who is willing to have sex. From Victim to Offender? Men who were sexually abused as children respond to abuse in a variety of ways. Some would overwhelm both the devastating effects of abuse they suffered in their lives who have firmly decided to help the world more secure. So, ensure that, as parents, the relationship with your children and children to be responsible and free abuse, are dedicated to service of humanity, learning skills of assertiveness and communication or fighting social injustice through activism. Other survivors are still seeing themselves as helpless victims, and continually struggle to survive day after day. Lack the capacity and willingness to abuse others, and are often subject to further abuse. Many of the offenders are male, but sexual assault against men or children can also be and is perpetrated by women. It is important to recognize that some men and children have been sexually abused by one or more women, and being well worthy of support.

Oil In April 2000 :: essays research papers

W A S H I N G T O N, April 6 — The good news for consumers is gas prices are anticipated to drop this summer. But the bad news is the decline will be slow. With an increase in international oil production as a backdrop, the Energy Department today dramatically revised its forecast for summer gasoline prices. The agency said prices should peak later this month and begin dropping sometime in May, averaging about $1.46 a gallon throughout the summer. Even Cheaper Fall Prices And there’s even more good news: Gasoline prices may dip lower still by fall, according to the agency. Prices may fall to a national average of $1.39 after Labor Day, the department’s Energy Information Administration said in its revised short-term forecast. â€Å"By then I expect we will have started to see some economic growth deterioration and I think from there we probably will see demand start to come under some pressure,† said Peter Beutel, president of Cameron Hanover, an energy ri sk management firm in Connecticut. â€Å"So, I think we probably will see prices closer to $1.30 or maybe even $1.25.† What Happened to the $2 Estimate? Just a month ago, the Energy Department said even with increased oil production, gasoline prices were expected to soar to a national average of as much as $1.80 a gallon and likely reach $2 a gallon in some places by July. So what’s changed between now and then? A key international oil meeting in Vienna, Austria. The EIA in its latest forecast assumed additional oil would begin hitting the U.S. market by June as a result of a decision March 28 by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. OPEC agreed to boost production by as much as 1.7 million barrels a day. Other non-OPEC producers also have said they would increase production. And production increases mean refilled petroleum stocks and lower prices for oil products including gasoline. †We are more optimistic today. Some of the tightening of the market has improved,† said EIA Administrator Jay Hakes. Nationally, the average cost of regular grade gasoline was $1.52 a gallon in March, with the average for all grades, including premium, a nickel higher, the agency said. Revisions Still 25 Percent Higher But don’t get too excited just yet. The agency’s latest revision is still 25 percent higher than summer prices a year ago. The average motorist is expected to pay about $170 more for gasoline this summer than last, according to the EIA.

Explain the ways in which Wilfred Owen evokes feelings of pity and horror in “Disabled”

Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) was an English poet and soldier, one of the leading poets of the First World War. Many of his poems have been praised for their bleak realism and it is also the case that his poem, â€Å"Disabled†, is observational and written in the third person from his own direct observation and experience. â€Å"Disabled† is about war, violence and mutilation as well as society’s reaction to this. It was written around 1917 showing the horror of war and evoking feelings of pity towards the soldiers.In â€Å"Disabled†, Owen uses the analogy of playing sports and being a soldier in war, to inform his readers about how war is not glamorous, but rather life-threatening and gruesome. He also portrays the main character’s past and state of mind. Owen's use of the word â€Å"He†, leaving the soldier unnamed implies that he is referring to one of many young soldiers affected by the war. Through the soldier, who is also the main character, Owen tells his audience of the contrast between the glories of military spectacle at first look, and the realistic horrors of the battles in war, which are grotesque and horrible.Wilfred Owen also used the technique of contrast to show the reality of the society’s thoughts on war at the time. The first stanza starts with a depressing description of a lone man â€Å"sat in a wheeled chair, waiting for dark† in a â€Å"ghastly suit of grey, Legless, sewn short at elbow†. This is Owen’s first use of description in the poem to portray the truth of war. By exposing the impact of the war on the soldiers, Owen has immediately grabbed the reader’s attention and sympathy for the soldiers in war.The psychological harm on the soldiers as a result of the war is also revealed in the first stanza by Owen when he mentions that even the â€Å"Voices of boys rang saddening like a hymn, Voices of play and pleasure†. Wilfred Owen's use of adjectives such as à ¢â‚¬Å"dark†, â€Å"grey† and â€Å"shivered† in his opening stanza shows the isolation and loneliness of the soldier. It also shows his sad emotion and psychological scars as mentioned before. His disability is also strongly portrayed within the first stanza with the use of alliteration, â€Å"suit†¦sewn short†. It also includes a strong contrast to the soldier's life by using the technique of repetition.Repeating â€Å"Voices of†, emphasises the sounds of boys playing in contrast with his loneliness. Knowing that the soldier could not even appreciate innocent voices, the audience projects a great amount of sympathy towards the soldier. The social attitudes of people before and after the war are cited by Owen. The soldier states that â€Å"About this time Town used to swing so gay†.â€Å"In the old times, before he threw away his knees†, he was able to live his life like a carefree youth. However after facing the reality of war at a young age, he was unable to â€Å"feel again how slim Girls' waists are, or how warm their subtle hands. All of them touch him like some queer disease. † This huge inevitable turn in the young soldier’s life evokes a great amount of sympathy from the readers as they have become aware of the physical and emotional harm attached to war. â€Å"Disabled† holds many phrases that give out strong messages.The expressions â€Å"glow-lamps† and â€Å"girls glanced† are linked together with the use of alliteration in the second stanza and they contrast with the soldier's life that he had before he joined the war. Owen also mentions the soldier remembering his old life, â€Å"About this time Town used to swing so gay When glow-lamps budded in the light blue trees† while he went out for evening parties â€Å"before he threw away his knees†. This is depicted as a useless loss and sacrifice to the soldier as he compares his past and present life .The contrast of the soldier's life in this stanza evokes a great amount of pity from the readers. Apart from the physical harm enforced on the young soldier, he was also internally scarred. Owen first gives his audience a glimpse of the soldier’s depressed state of mind when he indicates his â€Å"ghastly suit of grey† in the first stanza. The audience feels sympathy for the soldier as his entire youth had been taken away from him. Owen conveys this message in the third stanza, â€Å"There was [once] an artist silly for his face, For it was younger than his youth, last year.Now, he is old; †¦ And half his lifetime lapsed in the hot race†. This third stanza gives a deeper insight into the soldier’s interior harm briefly mentioned in the first stanza. In the third stanza Owen uses a great deal of vivid imagery to describe what soldiers go through at war which evokes a large amount of horror from the audience in response to war. Owen mentions that the soldier â€Å"lost his colour very far from here, [and] Poured it down shell-holes† which shows that he has lost a significant part of his life because of the bombing.Owen uses irony and the concept of reversal effectively in his next stanza when he mentions that once the soldier was proud of a â€Å"blood-smear down his leg† obtained during a football match. This is one of Owen's uses of the analogy of playing sports compared to being a soldier. The analogy is again used in the sixth stanza when Owen compares the reaction from society after a football game and after the end of the war, â€Å"Some cheered him home, but not as crowds cheer Goal.†The ways of the society shocks the audience of â€Å"Disabled† and brings out a large amount of repulsion on the young and wounded soldiers of the war. The soldier's life had been ruined by the war because although the soldier had faced many difficulties as a result of the war, it is mostly the fact that his life h as come to an end, or close to the end, on account of his eagerness to join the war in his youth. The readers know of the soldier's young age because of the statement that Owen had mentioned, in his fourth stanza, which acknowledges that the army happily wrote â€Å"his lie: aged nineteen years†.This shows the audience that the soldier was barely an adult when he joined the war and this brings out the most pity from the audience for the soldier. Near the end, in the sixth stanza, Owen gives an insight into society's cruel reaction to war; the people didn’t care. â€Å"Some cheered him home, but not as crowds cheer Goal. Only a solemn man †¦ Thanked him†. The thought that people appreciated a football goal more than a wounded soldier that had gone out to fight for them and serve their country makes the readers pity and sympathise with the disabled soldier.It makes them able to see the horror of the war and society. Many of these feelings of pity for the sold ier are to an extent repelled, due to his selfishness and is contradicted by his pride and wrong intentions such as â€Å"to please the giddy jilts, He [had] asked to join† the army. This creates a huge feeling of horror towards society’s thoughts and influence on young people. It makes them believe that instead of joining for the right reasons, the society and propaganda has made young children think of joining the war for the wrong reasons. In the soldier’s case, â€Å"It was after football, when he'd drunk a peg†¦Someone had said he'd look a god in kilts†. Owen has mentioned all of the influences of the society during the time of the war in his fifth stanza, some of which include: â€Å"jewelled hills For daggers in plaid socks; of smart salutes; And care of arms; and leave; and pay arrears; Esprit de corps†. The phrase â€Å"How cold and late it is! † describes how the soldier is all alone without anyone to keep him company. This se ction shows that he can't do anything meaningful in life again. The exclamation mark emphasises the strength of the soldier's feelings within his new and ruined life because of the war.The young soldier has been transformed into a dependent and helpless young man, highlighted by Owen's use of repetition â€Å"Why don't they come†¦ Why don't they come? † By revealing the great change in life for the soldier as a consequence of going to war brings out a feeling of extreme horror towards the war from the audience. Owen ends the poem leaving the audience with a clear idea of the soldier's future emphasising his now lack of freedom and his wait alone in bed until death comes to take him away from his pain and misery.â€Å"Now, he will spend a few sick years in institutes, And do what things the rules consider wise, And take whatever pity they may dole†. â€Å"[The soldier] noticed how the women's eyes Passed from him to the strong men that were whole†. They all â€Å"touch him like some queer disease. † Ultimately, Wilfred Owen mainly uses phrases and metaphors to convey the reality and horror of war and to evoke feelings of pity from his audience with the help of alliteration and lots of vivid imagery. Explain the ways in which Wilfred Owen evokes feelings of pity and horror in â€Å"Disabled† Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) was an English poet and soldier, one of the leading poets of the First World War. Many of his poems have been praised for their bleak realism and it is also the case that his poem, â€Å"Disabled†, is observational and written in the third person from his own direct observation and experience. â€Å"Disabled† is about war, violence and mutilation as well as society’s reaction to this. It was written around 1917 showing the horror of war and evoking feelings of pity towards the soldiers.In â€Å"Disabled†, Owen uses the analogy of playing sports and being a soldier in war, to inform his readers about how war is not glamorous, but rather life-threatening and gruesome. He also portrays the main character’s past and state of mind. Owen's use of the word â€Å"He†, leaving the soldier unnamed implies that he is referring to one of many young soldiers affected by the war. Through the soldier, who is also the main character, Owen tells his audience of the contrast between the glories of military spectacle at first look, and the realistic horrors of the battles in war, which are grotesque and horrible.Wilfred Owen also used the technique of contrast to show the reality of the society’s thoughts on war at the time. The first stanza starts with a depressing description of a lone man â€Å"sat in a wheeled chair, waiting for dark† in a â€Å"ghastly suit of grey, Legless, sewn short at elbow†. This is Owen’s first use of description in the poem to portray the truth of war. By exposing the impact of the war on the soldiers, Owen has immediately grabbed the reader’s attention and sympathy for the soldiers in war.The psychological harm on the soldiers as a result of the war is also revealed in the first stanza by Owen when he mentions that even the â€Å"Voices of boys rang saddening like a hymn, Voices of play and pleasure†. Wilfred Owen's use of adjectives such as à ¢â‚¬Å"dark†, â€Å"grey† and â€Å"shivered† in his opening stanza shows the isolation and loneliness of the soldier. It also shows his sad emotion and psychological scars as mentioned before. His disability is also strongly portrayed within the first stanza with the use of alliteration, â€Å"suit†¦sewn short†.It also includes a strong contrast to the soldier's life by using the technique of repetition. Repeating â€Å"Voices of†, emphasises the sounds of boys playing in contrast with his loneliness. Knowing that the soldier could not even appreciate innocent voices, the audience projects a great amount of sympathy towards the soldier. The social attitudes of people before and after the war are cited by Owen. The soldier states that â€Å"About this time Town used to swing so gay†.â€Å"In the old times, before he threw away his knees†, he was able to live his life like a carefree youth. However after facing the reality of war at a young age, he was unable to â€Å"feel again how slim Girls' waists are, or how warm their subtle hands. All of them touch him like some queer disease. † This huge inevitable turn in the young soldier’s life evokes a great amount of sympathy from the readers as they have become aware of the physical and emotional harm attached to war. â€Å"Disabled† holds many phrases that give out strong messages.The expressions â€Å"glow-lamps† and â€Å"girls glanced† are linked together with the use of alliteration in the second stanza and they contrast with the soldier's life that he had before he joined the war. Owen also mentions the soldier remembering his old life, â€Å"About this time Town used to swing so gay When glow-lamps budded in the light blue trees† while he went out for evening parties â€Å"before he threw away his knees†. This is depicted as a useless loss and sacrifice to the soldier as he compares his past and present life .The contrast of the soldier's life in this stanza evokes a great amount of pity from the readers. Apart from the physical harm enforced on the young soldier, he was also internally scarred. Owen first gives his audience a glimpse of the soldier’s depressed state of mind when he indicates his â€Å"ghastly suit of grey† in the first stanza. The audience feels sympathy for the soldier as his entire youth had been taken away from him. Owen conveys this message in the third stanza, â€Å"There was [once] an artist silly for his face, For it was younger than his youth, last year.Now, he is old; †¦ And half his lifetime lapsed in the hot race†. This third stanza gives a deeper insight into the soldier’s interior harm briefly mentioned in the first stanza. In the third stanza Owen uses a great deal of vivid imagery to describe what soldiers go through at war which evokes a large amount of horror from the audience in response to war. Owen mentions that the soldier â€Å"lost his colour very far from here, [and] Poured it down shell-holes† which shows that he has lost a significant part of his life because of the bombing.Owen uses irony and the concept of reversal effectively in his next stanza when he mentions that once the soldier was proud of a â€Å"blood-smear down his leg† obtained during a football match. This is one of Owen's uses of the analogy of playing sports compared to being a soldier. The analogy is again used in the sixth stanza when Owen compares the reaction from society after a football game and after the end of the war, â€Å"Some cheered him home, but not as crowds cheer Goal.†The ways of the society shocks the audience of â€Å"Disabled† and brings out a large amount of repulsion on the young and wounded soldiers of the war. The soldier's life had been ruined by the war because although the soldier had faced many difficulties as a result of the war, it is mostly the fact that his life h as come to an end, or close to the end, on account of his eagerness to join the war in his youth. The readers know of the soldier's young age because of the statement that Owen had mentioned, in his fourth stanza, which acknowledges that the army happily wrote â€Å"his lie: aged nineteen years†.This shows the audience that the soldier was barely an adult when he joined the war and this brings out the most pity from the audience for the soldier. Near the end, in the sixth stanza, Owen gives an insight into society's cruel reaction to war; the people didn’t care. â€Å"Some cheered him home, but not as crowds cheer Goal. Only a solemn man †¦ Thanked him†. The thought that people appreciated a football goal more than a wounded soldier that had gone out to fight for them and serve their country makes the readers pity and sympathise with the disabled soldier.It makes them able to see the horror of the war and society. Many of these feelings of pity for the sold ier are to an extent repelled, due to his selfishness and is contradicted by his pride and wrong intentions such as â€Å"to please the giddy jilts, He [had] asked to join† the army. This creates a huge feeling of horror towards society’s thoughts and influence on young people. It makes them believe that instead of joining for the right reasons, the society and propaganda has made young children think of joining the war for the wrong reasons. In the soldier’s case, â€Å"It was after football, when he'd drunk a peg†¦Someone had said he'd look a god in kilts†. Owen has mentioned all of the influences of the society during the time of the war in his fifth stanza, some of which include: â€Å"jewelled hills For daggers in plaid socks; of smart salutes; And care of arms; and leave; and pay arrears; Esprit de corps†. The phrase â€Å"How cold and late it is! † describes how the soldier is all alone without anyone to keep him company. This se ction shows that he can't do anything meaningful in life again. The exclamation mark emphasises the strength of the soldier's feelings within his new and ruined life because of the war.The young soldier has been transformed into a dependent and helpless young man, highlighted by Owen's use of repetition â€Å"Why don't they come†¦ Why don't they come? † By revealing the great change in life for the soldier as a consequence of going to war brings out a feeling of extreme horror towards the war from the audience. Owen ends the poem leaving the audience with a clear idea of the soldier's future emphasising his now lack of freedom and his wait alone in bed until death comes to take him away from his pain and misery.â€Å"Now, he will spend a few sick years in institutes, And do what things the rules consider wise, And take whatever pity they may dole†. â€Å"[The soldier] noticed how the women's eyes Passed from him to the strong men that were whole†. They all â€Å"touch him like some queer disease. † Ultimately, Wilfred Owen mainly uses phrases and metaphors to convey the reality and horror of war and to evoke feelings of pity from his audience with the help of alliteration and lots of vivid imagery.

Chemistry Module 6 Separation of a Mixture of Solid Essay

This lab experiment was conduct and taught based upon the primary instruction and introduction to mixtures. With this lab I was able to determine and execute the proper separation of a mixture of solids through various means, such as evaporation and filtration. Using these techniques presented the separation of different ingredients from a mixture was conducted based upon the usage of individual physical properties of each substance presented in the mixture. . Observations: Throughout this experiment I noted several things. For example as I was heating the sand I completely forgot to cover the top to prevent splatter. Although I did heat the mixture at a much slower speed, this resulted in a loss of sample, further impacting my overall results and contributing to my percent error totals, as the sand was bubbling and slightly splattered. Also, I noted my stirring rod, along with the other tools used, had a bit of solution attached to them. Although minuet in amount I should have weighed and taken note upon the mass of my materials before and after the procedures. Questions: A. How did your proposed Procedures or flow charts at the beginning of this experiment compare to the actual Procedures of this lab exercise? B. Discuss potential advantages or disadvantages of your proposed Procedure compared to the one actually used. C. How would you explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the original sand percentage? D. What were potential sources of error in this experiment? A.) The methods I proposed were highly similar to the instructions used in the labpaq manual. Just as stated in the instructions, I would have used the magnet to separate iron fillings, but I would have thought lastly upon evaporation for the sand separation and used the filter. B.) A potential disadvantage of simply filtering out the sand, is that fact that the benzoic acid substance, that was not completely dissolved could have too be filtered out. Also in the filtering of iron with the magnet I would have never thought to use a bag. C.) I could explain a sand recovery percentage that was higher than that of the original sand percentage, as simply a contamination of the other substances left within the sand, such as if the sand were not completely dry as there would still be water that would be included in the measured value, or possibly the benzoic acid? D.) The potential sources of error found in this experiment could include the was heating the sand I completely forgot to cover the top to prevent splatter, removing the mixture out of the ice before adequate crystallization had occurred,. Possibly having the sand, NaCl, or benzoic acid sticking to the iron, also maybe incomplete drying. How did your flow diagram for completing the separation compare to what was really done in the experiment? Were there any advantages or disadvantages to performing the separation the way you first thought it out? Discuss these advantages and disadvantages in the context how the approach might affect the measurement of some of the materials you separated. My flow diagram thought out prior to the conducting of this experiment was carried out well. The methods I proposed were highly similar to the instructions used in the labpaq manual. Just as stated in the instructions, I would have used the magnet to separate iron fillings, but I would have thought lastly upon evaporation for the sand separation and used the filter. I thought it was rather obvious to use the magnet for the iron filings, but really did not have an educated guess for how to separate the rest. A potential disadvantage of simply filtering out the sand, is that fact that the benzoic acid substance, that was not completely dissolved could have too be filtered out. Also in the filtering of iron with the magnet I would have never thought to use a bag. All together these simple differences, although minuet could have greatly altered my results and manipulated the entire data table.

Free Essays on Syria

Syria: Past, Present, and Future Throughout history, leaders who have succeeded their fathers as heads of state have deviated from their parent’s policies, without however, abandoning their predecessors’ ultimate goals. President Bashar Al-Assad seems to be following this popular trend. Since the death of his father Hafez al-Assad, Basher has reformed many policies and has subsequently gained much public support from Syria’s previously dissatisfied citizens. The Rise of Hafez al-Assad After becoming an independent country, Syria’s first struggles were not far behind. The founding of Israel started a conflict that is still lingering in the Middle East today. Along with allied Arab armies, Syrians invaded Israel. The lack of military expertise and defeat against Israel led to the first of many Syrian conflicts beginning around 1948. During the 1950’s to early 1960’s there were frequent changes of government which were determined by military victories instead of political processes. On February 23, 1966 the extremist wing of the Ba’ath Party, known as Alawites, came to power. This was the beginning of the rise of Hafez al-Assad. (Hafez al-Assad) Syria under the Reign of al-Assad In 1971 the Ba’ath party merged under Assad and dramatically improved its relationships with the Soviet Union. In April of 1971 the Federation of Arab Republics was formed by Syria, Egypt, and Libya. Later in 1973 after a war with Israel, Syria regained some of its previously owned territory which increased Syrian moral drastically. In 1976, al-Assad sent troops to Lebanon, which is still under Syrian control today. (Middle Eastern Countries) Toward the end of the 1970’s and into the early 1980’s, numerous attacks were directed at Assad which were religiously motivated. Most of these attacks were instigated by the Muslim Brotherhood. The Syrian government blamed Iraq and other disgruntled Palestinians for the attac... Free Essays on Syria Free Essays on Syria Syria: Past, Present, and Future Throughout history, leaders who have succeeded their fathers as heads of state have deviated from their parent’s policies, without however, abandoning their predecessors’ ultimate goals. President Bashar Al-Assad seems to be following this popular trend. Since the death of his father Hafez al-Assad, Basher has reformed many policies and has subsequently gained much public support from Syria’s previously dissatisfied citizens. The Rise of Hafez al-Assad After becoming an independent country, Syria’s first struggles were not far behind. The founding of Israel started a conflict that is still lingering in the Middle East today. Along with allied Arab armies, Syrians invaded Israel. The lack of military expertise and defeat against Israel led to the first of many Syrian conflicts beginning around 1948. During the 1950’s to early 1960’s there were frequent changes of government which were determined by military victories instead of political processes. On February 23, 1966 the extremist wing of the Ba’ath Party, known as Alawites, came to power. This was the beginning of the rise of Hafez al-Assad. (Hafez al-Assad) Syria under the Reign of al-Assad In 1971 the Ba’ath party merged under Assad and dramatically improved its relationships with the Soviet Union. In April of 1971 the Federation of Arab Republics was formed by Syria, Egypt, and Libya. Later in 1973 after a war with Israel, Syria regained some of its previously owned territory which increased Syrian moral drastically. In 1976, al-Assad sent troops to Lebanon, which is still under Syrian control today. (Middle Eastern Countries) Toward the end of the 1970’s and into the early 1980’s, numerous attacks were directed at Assad which were religiously motivated. Most of these attacks were instigated by the Muslim Brotherhood. The Syrian government blamed Iraq and other disgruntled Palestinians for the attac...