The Problem Of Global Warming - 1311 Words

Introduction: The only place in our galaxy that we know is inhabitable is now being destroyed by man. As humanity has revolutionized we have created many problems along the way. The main problem we are facing right now is called global warming. We have damaged many ecosystems trying to better ourselves, and we have not yet once thought about the damage we are inflicting on our mother earth. We are already beginning to see the effects of global warming. It will make little changes that will have a huge impact, and devastate many ecosystems and everything living on earth. Thesis: If we do not change our ways now, imagine what the future will have in store for the next generations to come. We will all have to pay the price for the acts†¦show more content†¦In the website called Global Climate Change it stated that â€Å"On earth, human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil had increased the concentra tion of the atmospheric carbon dioxide† (Nasa). We don’t have to be scientist to know that global warming is happening. If we look around we can see all the damages that we are creating; but it seems like we are just covering our eyes and hoping it will go away. Point 3: Now that we are all aware global warming is happening. The effects that it is having on earth are now very noticeable. The temperatures have risen through the years, and many wonder why. In the Article Global Climate change it states that â€Å"The industrial activities that our modern civilization depends upon have raised atmospheric carbon dioxide levels from 280 parts per million to 379 parts per million in the last 150 years† (Jackson). My teacher from high school Mrs. Wagner explain to us that all the carbon, and other natural gases we release into the atmosphere will not escape into space. Therefore it will create a thick blanket covering the atmosphere and heating up the planet. That is wh y the temperature has been going up throughout the years. Rising temperatures are not the only thing happening right now. We are also seeing droughts in many areas where there use to be a lot of fresh water that would flow by. In other places we are seeing flooding

General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course

Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. The memo also gives an in-depth analysis of the discipline and highlights it several importance alongside its relationship with other related fields of study. This memo is a suitable source of information to persons seeking greater understanding of the business major discipline and its relevance in other related fields. The memo uses credible academic sources to vividly examine the discipline and give a clear illustration of how its study is based on its meritocracy and not other over lying factors. History Before 1927, business studies were taught in early institution but there was no official record of it evolution. Nevertheless, Professor Gras started a business history program that aimed at tracing the chronologic development of history from small-scale learning to the current institutions. He was an editor of the Bulletin of the Business Historical Society since the year 1926-1953, which was later transformed in the year 1953 to the modern Business History review (86). During this period, business was learnt through the application of theories that were simple and specific to a certain situation or discipline. The major factor that contributed to the narrow nature of the early business was the motive of study. Individuals studied the fieldShow MoreRelatedThe General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course1628 Words   |  7 Pages Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. 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Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism Free Essays

Death and Dying- Customs and Rituals Hinduism and Buddhism Religious and cultural beliefs play a significant role in the processes of death and dying. These beliefs have created rituals that provide a conceptual framework for understanding the experience of death. Cultures across the world have different, unique rituals surrounding death and dying. We will write a custom essay sample on Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism or any similar topic only for you Order Now This can be proven by comparing Hinduism and Buddhism. Their pre-death rituals, burial rites and concepts of afterlife are very different. Hindus and Buddhists have diverse pre-death rituals. When death is imminent, Hindus are brought home to die. They are placed in either their room or the entryway of their house with their head facing east. A lamp is lit near their head, and the person is encouraged to focus on their mantra. The Hinduism religion states that a mantra is a word repeated during mediation. Family members sing hymns, pray and read scripture for the dying person. When Buddhists are dying, it is up to their family to keep them positive. Loved ones must free themselves of disturbing emotion. It is their responsibility to help the dying person accept death as a natural and inevitable part of life. Hindus rituals are scripted, religious and self-dependant while Buddhist’s rituals are low-maintenance and mostly dependant on family members. In conclusion, Hinduism and Buddhism are very different in regards to pre-death rituals. Hinduism beliefs about the afterlife vary significantly from Buddhism beliefs. Hindus believe that humans go through a never-ending cycle of birth and death. Hindus believe in karma. Karma is â€Å"action, seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation: in Hinduism one of the means of reaching Brahman† (Collins English Dictionary, Web). Buddhists believe that every soul is reborn until it has been cleansed. In Buddhism, the goal is to achieve Nirvana. Nirvana is â€Å"freedom from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations, with their consequent suffering, as a result of the extinction of individual passion, hatred, and delusion. † (Collins English Dictionary, Web). Superficially, these two rituals seem similar, but differences can be found on a deeper level. Hinduism is a never-ending cycle, while Buddhism can be escaped. The biggest difference between Hinduism and Buddhism is their burial rites. Hindu families prepare heir deceased with oil and herbs. The body is carried on a wooden frame to a publically designated cremation site where mourners chant mantras. After the body has been cremated, bits of bone and ash that remain are collected and strewn into the Holy River. Ten days after the cremation, family members offer ten pindas to the river to feed the spirit of the deceased on its travels to the next incarnation. Buddhists hold simple, solemn funerals. They believe it is unnecessary to spend a lot of money on traditional ceremonies. During the viewing, an altar is set up in front of the casket. Mourners can place offerings such as fruit, flowers and candles on the altar. Images of the Buddha and deceased person are placed in front of the altar. These religions are different because Hindus burials are elaborate and expensive, while Buddhists burials are simple, practical and inexpensive. Burial rites reveal how different Hinduism and Buddhism are. Hinduism and Buddhism have very different pre-death rituals, concepts of afterlife and burial rites. This proves that all religions have a unique set of traditions surrounding death and dying. These traditions help shape religion and create a diverse society. Bibliography Hitchcock, Susan Tyler. Geography of Religion: Where God Lives, Where Pilgrims Walk. Washington DC: National Geographic Society, 2004. Print. Berhad, Koperasi Buddhisme Malaysia. A Guide to a Proper Buddhist Funeral. Sea Park: Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc, 2000. Print. Collins English Dictionary. â€Å"Karma. † Dictionary Reference. 2009. HarperCo Publishers. March 6, 2013 http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/karma Collins English Dictionary. â€Å"Nirvana. † Dictionary Reference. 2009. HarperCo Publishers. March 6, 2013 http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/nirvana How to cite Death and Dying in Hinduism and Buddhism, Papers

Resistance in Different Types of Wires-Free-Samples for Students

Question: How the different variables affect resistance in different types of wires. Answer: Introduction The aim of this experiment is to determine how the different variables affect resistance in different types of wires. There are several discussed factors that influence the amount of electric current transmitted from one point to another using the given wire. These factors are the cross sectional area of the wire, the length of the given wire, and the nature of the metal material. This experiment seeks to address the effect of the length of a wire in transmitting current. The following wires were selected to conduct the experiment: - Nichrome wire Copper wire Contantan Eureka wire Electricity is transmitted by motion of electrons. These electrons tend to move randomly when excited at the point of power application. When power is supplied to the wire, a potential difference is created. The electrons drift from a region high concentration to that of low concentration. In so doing, current is transmitted and to ensure that there is unrestricted movement throughout the connection, atoms transfer electrical energy ans so when an electrical current conducts, one or two electrons shall possess sufficient energy to deviate away from the pull of the nucleus. This pull frees the electrons which are in a position to move randomly in a rapid motion. The electrons keep changing the direction of motion due to collision with other electrons that have been freed and the positive ions. These collisions cause resistance to the flow of current in the circuit. As a result, the width or thickness of a wire affects the amount of resistance in the flow of current within a circuit. F urther restriction on the movement of current within the circuit may result in a lot of collision and increase the resistance. The thickness of the metal wire is a controllable independent variable within the experiment. From figure 1, it can be inferred that the larger the cross sectional area of the conducting wire, the more the electrons can flow much freely. The reduced cross-sectional area results in a more compact electrons drift and greater resistance. According to ohms law, when the potential difference is held constant, the current is inversely proportional to the resistance. This is denoted as shown below, The formula above can be used to obtain the resistivity of the metal wires. The resistivity of a material is measured in ohm meter (?-m). The experiment conducts various tests to find out the ability of different metals to conduct electricity. For the experiment carried out, the tests ensure that the cross sectional area of the wires is constant throughout. The constant state is maintained even as the length of each wire is being altered. Hypothesis H1: The experiment proposes that as the length of the metal wires is elongated, the current flow will be reduced as a result of increased resistance. PROVE: The experiment further proves the hypothesis above by stating that the wire introduces more ion collisions for the duration that the wire is elongated. This in turn increases the resistance. There are more stationary ions for the negatively charged electrons to collide with because of the additional length. The resistance reduces for the electrons traveling over short wires as they encounter collisions for only a short period compared to the elongated wires. Equipment Power supply Voltmeter Ammeter Wire resistor Connecting wires or crocodile clips Procedure The components as listed above were connected as shown in figure 2. The setup was done in a room with constant temperature within one testing period to reduce possible variables. The wire resistor was held and taut out; measurement were taken from the reading. The crocodile clips were attached to the wire at the desired length. The readings were collected and repeated over the variable lengths of about 90cm to 50cm in increments of 10 centimeters per test. Five different readings were conducted per length, per wire by adjusting the strength of the power source. The current flowing through the component is measured using the ammeter that is connected in series while the voltmeter measures the voltage across the component while connected in parallel. Experimental Precaution To avoid high voltages due to safety one is required to place a fireproof mat underneath the wire resistor to avoid potential wire burnout. This is a safety risk due to the thermal energy that heats up the wire to very high temperatures that could prompt the burnout. The difference in length are adjusted according to the wire malleability either to the positive or to the negative. Results and Observation The following are the 5 test results obtained from the experiment when the length of the wire resistor was varied based on the length. The table shows the average resistances for each length per wire using gradients obtained by the line of best fit. Average Resistance (ohms ) Wires (20swg) 90cm 80cm 70cm 60cm 50cm Copper 0.0312 0.0346 0.0235 0.0364 0.0206 Nichrome 2.1692 1.7462 1.5461 1.4344 1.147 Constantan 0.777 0.5908 0.5596 0.4823 0.3841 The following graph was plotted to show the relationship among the different materials used in the tests and their resistance as the lengths were increased. The graphs were plotted for the voltage against the current. Using ohms law, one can obtain the resistances. The line of best fit techniques are implemented to obtain a steady line for each material. The gradient of the resulting line shows the average resistance. The line of best fit is used rather than the exact averages as it eliminates the severity of the impact of anomalies and allows for trends to become more pronounced. The difference in length for each wire used in the experiment was determined by its malleability and our ability to get it as straight as possible. Copper wire +/- 1 cm Nichrome wire +/- 2cm Constantan Eureka Wire +/- 0.5 cm The graph is as displayed below Discussion The results show trends and answers regarding the research question, however the experiment suffered from various aspects that were problematic. These complications were a common issue among the copper wire and reflect on the results it provided. The first issue was the power source, which would not give out the proper voltage and wouldnt provide a constant current. We tried to adjust this by adding an adjustable resistor rheostat that did not work due to mechanical error. Another equipment issue was the alligator clips unable to attach to instruments securely. These caused the circuit to dropout often and/or give unstable results. Generated thermal heat energy was also another problem to the outcome due to its effect on the resistance of the wire. This is because of the increase of its temperature, causing the atoms to vibrate with more energy and therefore more vigorously, hence making the electrons flowing through the electric circuit more likely to collide with one of the atoms, so therefore increasing resistance. This is believed to be the main issue for the copper wire as it heated up extremely quick relating to its non-linear results with no clear trends or patterns. Disregarding the copper wire the graph in figure 4, a trend is evidently displayed that as the length increases so does the resistance. This directly supports the hypothesis that was stated earlier. This demonstrates that at a reduced wire length it is for the current to flow though under less resistance and inverse for greater lengths. To find the resistivity and/or conductivity of the wires use the formula R = L/A derived from the resistance formula R=V/I. Resistance , resistivity (), cross- sectional area (A) and length (L). Manipulate formula so that: The gradient (m) from y=mx+c is: Derive formula to solve for : Where resistivity () 1/conductivity () Refer to Appendix 2 for correct graphs where length is in metres Copper Wire m= 0.0194 from Figure 5 =0.0194 x 0.0006567 = m Nichrome Wire m = 2.3562 from figure 6 =2.3562 x 0.0006567 = m Constantan Eureka Wire m= 0.8943 from Figure 7 =0.8943 x 0.0006567 = The potential difference across a component and its resistance determines the current that passes through. This is presented as Potential Difference = Current x Resistance. To ameliorate future recordings alterations can be made to the design and method of the experiment. Any heating effects of the current must be controlled and kept at a constant temperature. The wires can be firm and stretched out so that it is straight in turn reducing the number of bends and distortions to help give more precise wire measurements and final results. Concusion In a nutshell, the hypothesis was confirmed to hold as demonstrated in the results and in the analysis section. The results show a trend confirming an increase in the resistance to the flow of current. The trend was evident in all the materials used in the experiment as shown in the graphical illustration under the results and observation section. The ohms law holds and is used to determine the relationship between the length of a wire and its resistivity. Referneces https://www.qcaa.qld.edu.au/downloads/senior/snr_physics_07_eei_electricity.pdf https://www.markedbyteachers.com/gcse/science/resistance-in-a-wire-13.html